-
Life
is a Garden...
-
Plant
Only Good Things.
|
Mastery
Life does not support any political party. We only seek to
discuss issues that effect society and those who are addressing
those issues.
|
|
|
There
will come a time when we will face a crossroads where
we must choose to change or be enslaved by ideals. We
must think for ourselves and not be caught up in the things
that ultimately make us less evolved. We have the spirits
of eternal beings, but live as though we have forgotten
who we are and who we can become in this flesh.
Read
More |
|
|
|
 |
Our
environment is changing rapidly and taking notice now
can make a difference.
Read
More.
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
|
World Events
The
world is changing and some have taken notice. Has it changed or
is it just repeating? Many are coming forward and talking about
personal responsibility, corruption, conditioning, and a new age
of global control. Some believe we have been like pawns on a chess
board being controlled by the few. Others feel it is a spiritual
warfare and others see it as a corruption based on greed. Regardless
of which philosophy is the one of choice, there is a need to become
aware and to understand what direction we as humans are taking.
We
still go to war. This primitive behavior has been seen by some
as a source for population control (reducing population), gaining
resources, a chance to condition an armed group, or a way to boost
the economy or personal wealth. Frankly, those of us that choose
to evolve spiritually are disgusted that is still even an option.
War in a civilized world should only be for defense. In fact,
when you see the horrific pictures of our beautiful men and women
slaughtered in photos and the pain and anguish of the parents,
brothers, and mothers of the innocent, it is disturbing. Einstein
said, " may the conscience and the common sense of the peoples
be awakened, so that we may reach a new stage in the life of nations,
where people will look back on war as an incomprehensible aberration
of their forefathers!".
Even
worse, some are predicting the end of the world. We have the right
to personal responsibility and to think for ourselves. Do not
be caught up in hopelessness. These things are here to make you
aware and then to make you think. When we stop thinking, then
we will become slaves to ignorance. We have been given this beautiful
earth and the diverse creatures that inhabit it. Let us take care
of what we have and remember that we belong to each other.
**Some
of the videos on this page include material that is about harsh
human behavior. They are posted here to make us aware, but not
to generalize any group of individuals. All cultures have had
dark moments and we should all remember that these serve to
remind us of where we never want to go again. Our desire is
for humanity to move beyond these behaviors and to recognize
that we all have value.
| Our
World |
|
| |
|
| Area |
total: 510.072 million sq km
land: 148.94 million sq km
water: 361.132 million sq km
note: 70.9% of the world's surface is water, 29.1% is land |
| Area - comparative |
land area about 16 times the size of the US |
| Elevation extremes |
lowest point: Bentley Subglacial Trench -2,540 m
note: in the oceanic realm, Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench
is the lowest point, lying -10,924 m below the surface of the
Pacific Ocean
highest point: Mount Everest 8,850 m |
| Natural resources |
the rapid depletion of nonrenewable mineral resources, the depletion
of forest areas and wetlands, the extinction of animal and plant
species, and the deterioration in air and water quality (especially
in Eastern Europe, the former USSR, and China) pose serious long-term
problems that governments and peoples are only beginning to address |
| Land use |
arable land: 13.31%
permanent crops: 4.71%
other: 81.98% (2005) |
| Environment - current issues |
large areas subject to overpopulation, industrial disasters,
pollution (air, water, acid rain, toxic substances), loss of vegetation
(overgrazing, deforestation, desertification), loss of wildlife,
soil degradation, soil depletion, erosion; global warming becoming
a greater concern |
| Suggested Age |
the world is now thought to be about 4.55 billion years old,
just about one-third of the 13.7-billion-year age estimated for
the universe |
| Population |
6,706,993,152 (July 2008 est.) |
| Age structure |
0-14 years: 27.3% (male 944,665,142/female 887,471,328)
15-64 years: 65.1%
65 years and over: 7.6% (male 222,808,372/female 284,647,297)
(2008 est.) |
| Median age |
total:
male: 27.4 years
female: 28.7 years (2008 est.) |
| Population growth rate |
1.188% (2008 est.) |
| Birth rate |
20.18 births/1,000 population (2008 est.) |
| Death rate |
8.23 deaths/1,000 population (2008 est.) |
| Sex ratio |
at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/female
total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2008 est.) |
| Infant mortality rate |
total: 42.09 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 44.91 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 39.09 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.) |
| Life expectancy |
total population: 66.26 years
male: 64.3 years
female: 68.35 years (2008 est.) |
| Total fertility rate |
2.61 children born/woman (2008 est.) |
| Religions |
Christians 33.32% (of which Roman Catholics 16.99%, Protestants
5.78%, Orthodox 3.53%, Anglicans 1.25%), Muslims 21.01%, Hindus
13.26%, Buddhists 5.84%, Sikhs 0.35%, Jews 0.23%, Baha'is 0.12%,
other religions 11.78%, non-religious 11.77%, atheists 2.32% (2007
est.) |
| Languages |
Mandarin Chinese 13.22%, Spanish 4.88%, English 4.68%, Arabic
3.12%, Hindi 2.74%, Portuguese 2.69%, Bengali 2.59%, Russian 2.2%,
Japanese 1.85%, Standard German 1.44%, French 1.2% (2005 est.)
note: percents are for "first language" speakers only
|
| Literacy |
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 82%
male: 87%
female: 77%
note: over two-thirds of the world's 785 million illiterate adults
are found in only eight countries (India, China, Bangladesh, Pakistan,
Nigeria, Ethiopia, Indonesia, and Egypt); of all the illiterate
adults in the world, two-thirds are women; extremely low literacy
rates are concentrated in three regions, South and West Asia,
Sub-Saharan Africa, and the Arab states, where around one-third
of the men and half of all women are illiterate (2005 est.) |
| Administrative divisions |
266 nations, dependent areas, and other entities |
| Legal system |
all members of the UN are parties to the statute that established
the International Court of Justice (ICJ) or World Court |
| Economy - overview |
Global output rose by 5.2% in 2007, led by China (11.4%), India
(9.2%), and Russia (8.1%). The 14 other successor nations of the
USSR and the other old Warsaw Pact nations again experienced widely
divergent growth rates; the three Baltic nations continued as
strong performers, in the 8%-10% range of growth. From 2006 to
2007 growth rates slowed in all the major industrial countries
except for the United Kingdom (3.1%). Analysts attribute the slowdown
to uncertainties in the financial markets and lowered consumer
confidence. Worldwide, nations varied widely in their growth results.
Externally, the nation-state, as a bedrock economic-political
institution, is steadily losing control over international flows
of people, goods, funds, and technology. Internally, the central
government often finds its control over resources slipping as
separatist regional movements - typically based on ethnicity -
gain momentum, e.g., in many of the successor states of the former
Soviet Union, in the former Yugoslavia, in India, in Iraq, in
Indonesia, and in Canada. Externally, the central government is
losing decisionmaking powers to international bodies, notably
the EU. |
| GDP (purchasing power parity) |
GWP (gross world product): $65.61 trillion (2007 est.) |
| GDP (official exchange rate) |
GWP (gross world product): $54.62 trillion (2007 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector |
agriculture: 4%
industry: 32%
services: 64% (2007 est.) |
| Labor force |
3.131 billion (2007 est.) |
| Unemployment rate |
30% combined unemployment and underemployment in many non-industrialized
countries; developed countries typically 4%-12% unemployment (2007
est.) |
| Industries |
dominated by the onrush of technology, especially in computers,
robotics, telecommunications, and medicines and medical equipment;
most of these advances take place in OECD nations; only a small
portion of non-OECD countries have succeeded in rapidly adjusting
to these technological forces; the accelerated development of
new industrial (and agricultural) technology is complicating already
grim environmental problems |
| Electricity - production |
18.58 trillion kWh (2005 est.) |
| Electricity - consumption |
16.83 trillion kWh (2005 est.) |
| Electricity - exports |
634.8 billion kWh (2005) |
| Electricity - imports |
620.5 billion kWh (2005) |
| Oil - production |
78.9 million bbl/day (2005 est.) |
| Oil - consumption |
80.29 million bbl/day (2005 est.) |
| Oil - proved reserves |
1.336 trillion bbl (1 January 2006 est.) |
| Natural gas - production |
2.854 trillion cu m (2005 est.) |
| Natural gas - consumption |
3 trillion cu m (2005 est.) |
| Natural gas - proved reserves |
172 trillion cu m (1 January 2006 est.) |
| Exports - commodities |
the whole range of industrial and agricultural goods and services
top ten - share of world trade: electrical machinery, including
computers 14.8%; mineral fuels, including oil, coal, gas, and
refined products 14.4%; nuclear reactors, boilers, and parts 14.2%;
cars, trucks, and buses 8.9%; scientific and precision instruments
3.5%; plastics 3.4%; iron and steel 2.7%; organic chemicals 2.6%;
pharmaceutical products 2.6%; diamonds, pearls, and precious stones
1.9% (2006 est.) |
| Exports - partners |
US 13.5%, Germany 7.4%, China 6.6%, France 4.6%, UK 4.5%, Japan
4.1% (2007) |
| Debt - external |
$51.78 trillion
note: this figure is the sum total of all countries' external
debt, both public and private (2004 est.) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular |
2,168,433,600 (2005) |
| Internet users |
1,018,057,389 (2005) |
| Airports |
total airports - 49,024
top ten by passengers: Atlanta - 84,846,639; Chicago - 77,028,134;
London - 67,530,197; Tokyo - 65,810,672; Los Angeles - 61,041,066;
Dallas/Fort Worth - 60,226,138; Paris - 56,849,567; Frankfurt
- 52,810,683; Beijing - 48,654,770; Denver - 47,325,016
top ten by cargo (metric tons): Memphis - 3,692,081; Hong Kong
- 3,609,780; Anchorage - 2,691,395; Seoul - 2,336,572; Tokyo -
2,280,830; Shanghai - 2,168,122; Paris - 2,130,724; Frankfurt
- 2,127,646; Louisville (US) - 1,983,032; Singapore - 1,931,881
(2006) |
| Roadways |
total: 32,345,165 km (2002) |
| Ports and terminals |
top ten container ports (TEUs): Singapore - 24,792,400; Hong
Kong - 23,539,000; Shanghai - 21,710,000; Shenzhen (China) - 18,468,890;
Busan (South Korea) - 12,030,000; Kaohsiung (Taiwan) - 9,774,670;
- Rotterdam - 9,603,000; Dubai (UAE) - 8,923,465; Hamburg - 8,861,545;
Los Angeles - 8,469,853 (2006) |
| Greatest Ocean Depth |
the Mariana Trench at 10,924 m in the Pacific Ocean |
| |
source:cia.gov |
| Poverty |
|
| |
Make
Poverty History...... |
|
|
Where
did money come from? Who made the rules?
|
| UNITED
STATES |
|
 |
Read the US Constitution Here |
| Population |
303,824,640 (July 2008 est.) |
| Area |
total: 9,826,630 sq km
land: 9,161,923 sq km
water: 664,707 sq km
note: includes only the 50 states and District of Columbia |
| Climate |
mostly temperate, but tropical in Hawaii and Florida, arctic
in Alaska, semiarid in the great plains west of the Mississippi
River, and arid in the Great Basin of the southwest; low winter
temperatures in the northwest are ameliorated occasionally in
January and February by warm chinook winds from the eastern slopes
of the Rocky Mountains |
| Terrain |
vast central plain, mountains in west, hills and low mountains
in east; rugged mountains and broad river valleys in Alaska; rugged,
volcanic topography in Hawaii |
| Natural resources |
coal, copper, lead, molybdenum, phosphates, uranium, bauxite,
gold, iron, mercury, nickel, potash, silver, tungsten, zinc, petroleum,
natural gas, timber |
| Environment - current issues |
air pollution resulting in acid rain in both the US and Canada;
the US is the largest single emitter of carbon dioxide from the
burning of fossil fuels; water pollution from runoff of pesticides
and fertilizers; limited natural fresh water resources in much
of the western part of the country require careful management;
desertification |
| Life expectancy |
total population: 78.14 years
male: 75.29 years
female: 81.13 years (2008 est.) |
| Literacy |
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 99%
male: 99%
female: 99% (2003 est.) |
| Government |
Constitution-based federal republic; strong democratic tradition
|
| Constitution |
17 September 1787, effective 4 March 1789 |
| Legal system |
federal court system based on English common law; each state
has its own unique legal system, of which all but one (Louisiana,
which is still influenced by the Napoleonic Code) is based on
English common law; judicial review of legislative acts; has not
accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction |
| Political parties |
Democratic Party, Green Party; Libertarian Party,Republican
Party |
| GDP |
$13.78 trillion (2007 est.) |
| Population below poverty line |
12% (2004 est.) |
| Public debt |
60.8% of GDP (2007 est.) |
| Electricity - production by
source |
fossil fuel: 71.4%
hydro: 5.6%
nuclear: 20.7%
other: 2.3% (2001) |
| Oil - consumption |
20.8 million bbl/day (2005 est.) |
| Oil - exports |
1.048 million bbl/day (2004) |
| Oil - imports |
13.15 million bbl/day (2004) |
| Oil - reserves |
21.76 billion bbl (1 January 2006 est.) |
| Natural gas - consumption |
604 billion cu m (2005 est.) |
| Natural gas - exports |
19.8 billion cu m (2005 est.) |
| Natural gas - imports |
117.9 billion cu m (2005) |
| Exports |
$1.148 trillion f.o.b. (2007 est.) |
| Exports - commodities |
agricultural products (soybeans, fruit, corn) 9.2%, industrial
supplies (organic chemicals) 26.8%, capital goods (transistors,
aircraft, motor vehicle parts, computers, telecommunications equipment)
49.0%, consumer goods (automobiles, medicines) 15.0% (2003) |
| Imports |
$1.968 trillion f.o.b. (2007 est.) |
| Imports - commodities |
agricultural products 4.9%, industrial supplies 32.9% (crude
oil 8.2%), capital goods 30.4% (computers, telecommunications
equipment, motor vehicle parts, office machines, electric power
machinery), consumer goods 31.8% (automobiles, clothing, medicines,
furniture, toys) (2003) |
| Imports - partners |
China 16.9%, Canada 15.7%, Mexico 10.6%, Japan 7.4%, Germany
4.8% (2007) |
| Debt - external |
$12.25 trillion (30 June 2007) |
| Exchange rates |
British pounds per US dollar: 0.4993 (2007), 0.5418 (2006),
0.5493 (2005), 0.5462 (2004), 0.6125 (2003)
Canadian dollars per US dollar: 1.0724 (2007), 1.1334 (2006),
1.2118 (2005), 1.3010 (2004), 1.4011 (2003)
Japanese yen per US dollar: 117.99 (2007), 116.18 (2006) 110.22
(2005), 108.19 (2004), 115.93 (2003)
euros per US dollar: 0.7345 (2007), 0.7964 (2006), 0.8041 (2005),
0.8054 (2004), 0.8860 (2003)
Chinese yuan per US dollar: 7.61 (2007), 7.97 (2006), 8.1943 (2005),
8.2768 (2004), 8.2770 (2003) |
| |
Source: cia.gov |
| Canada |
|
 |
|
| Population |
33,212,696 (July 2008 est.) |
| Life
Expectancy |
total population: 81.16 years
male: 78.65 years
female: 83.81 years (2008 est.) |
| Natural hazards |
continuous permafrost in north is a serious obstacle to development;
cyclonic storms form east of the Rocky Mountains, a result of
the mixing of air masses from the Arctic, Pacific, and North American
interior, and produce most of the country's rain and snow east
of the mountains |
| Environment - current issues |
air pollution and resulting acid rain severely affecting lakes
and damaging forests; metal smelting, coal-burning utilities,
and vehicle emissions impacting on agricultural and forest productivity;
ocean waters becoming contaminated due to agricultural, industrial,
mining, and forestry activities |
| Area |
total: 9,984,670 sq km
land: 9,093,507 sq km
water: 891,163 sq km |
| Government type |
constitutional monarchy that is also a parliamentary democracy
and a federation |
| Constitution |
made up of unwritten and written acts, customs, judicial decisions,
and traditions; the written part of the constitution consists
of the Constitution Act of 29 March 1867, which created a federation
of four provinces, and the Constitution Act of 17 April 1982,
which transferred formal control over the constitution from Britain
to Canada, and added a Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
as well as procedures for constitutional amendments |
| GDP (purchasing power parity) |
$1.271 trillion (2007 est.) |
| Unemployment rate |
6% (2007 est.) |
| Agriculture |
wheat, barley, oilseed, tobacco, fruits, vegetables; dairy
products; forest products; fish |
| Industries |
transportation equipment, chemicals, processed and unprocessed
minerals, food products, wood and paper products, fish products,
petroleum and natural gas |
| Electricity - production |
609.6 billion kWh (2005) |
| Electricity - production by source |
fossil fuel: 28%
hydro: 57.9%
nuclear: 12.9%
other: 1.3% (2001) |
| Electricity - consumption |
540.2 billion kWh (2005) |
| Electricity - exports |
42.93 billion kWh (2005) |
| Electricity - imports |
19.33 billion kWh (2005) |
| Oil - production |
3.31 million bbl/day (2007 est.) |
| Oil - consumption |
2.29 million bbl/day (2005) |
| Oil - exports |
2.274 million bbl/day (2004) |
| Oil - imports |
1.185 million bbl/day (2004) |
| Natural gas - production |
178.2 billion cu m (2005 est.) |
| Natural gas - consumption |
92.76 billion cu m (2005 est.) |
| Natural gas - exports |
101.9 billion cu m (2005 est.) |
| Natural gas - imports |
9.403 billion cu m (2005) |
| Natural gas - proved reserves |
1.537 trillion cu m (1 January 2006 est.) |
| Exports |
$431.1 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.) |
| Exports - commodities |
motor vehicles and parts, industrial machinery, aircraft, telecommunications
equipment; chemicals, plastics, fertilizers; wood pulp, timber,
crude petroleum, natural gas, electricity, aluminum |
| Imports - partners |
US 54.4%, China 9.4%, Mexico 4.2% (2007) |
| Debt - external |
$758.6 billion (30 June 2007) |
| Market value of publicly traded shares |
$1.481 trillion (2005) |
| Exchange rates |
Canadian dollars per US dollar - 1.0724 (2007), 1.1334 (2006),
1.2118 (2005), 1.301 (2004), 1.4011 (2003) |
| Literacy |
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 99%
male: 99%
female: 99% (2003 est.) |
| |
Source: cia.gov |
| Europe |
|
| |
More coming soon |
| Austria |
|
 |
|
| Population |
8,205,533 (July 2008 est.) |
| Area |
total: 83,870 sq km
land: 82,444 sq km
water: 1,426 sq km |
| Land boundaries |
total: 2,562 km
border countries: Czech Republic 362 km, Germany 784 km, Hungary
366 km, Italy 430 km, Liechtenstein 35 km, Slovakia 91 km, Slovenia
330 km, Switzerland 164 km |
| Elevation extremes |
lowest point: Neusiedler See 115 m
highest point: Grossglockner 3,798 m |
| Climate |
temperate; continental, cloudy; cold winters with frequent rain
and some snow in lowlands and snow in mountains; moderate summers
with occasional showers |
| Natural resources |
oil, coal, lignite, timber, iron ore, copper, zinc, antimony,
magnesite, tungsten, graphite, salt, hydropower |
| Natural hazards |
landslides; avalanches; earthquakes |
| Environment - current issues |
some forest degradation caused by air and soil pollution; soil
pollution results from the use of agricultural chemicals; air
pollution results from emissions by coal- and oil-fired power
stations and industrial plants and from trucks transiting Austria
between northern and southern Europe |
| Environment - international
agreements |
party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air
Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur
85, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds,
Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto
Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification,
Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship
Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
| Life expectancy at birth |
total population: 79.36 years
male: 76.46 years
female: 82.41 years (2008 est.) |
| Total fertility rate |
1.38 children born/woman (2008 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS |
10,000 (2003 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - deaths |
fewer than 100 (2003 est.) |
| Ethnic groups |
Austrians 91.1%, former Yugoslavs 4% (includes Croatians, Slovenes,
Serbs, and Bosniaks), Turks 1.6%, German 0.9%, other or unspecified
2.4% (2001 census) |
| Religions |
Roman Catholic 73.6%, Protestant 4.7%, Muslim 4.2%, other 3.5%,
unspecified 2%, none 12% (2001 census) |
| Languages |
German (official nationwide) 88.6%, Turkish 2.3%, Serbian 2.2%,
Croatian (official in Burgenland) 1.6%, other (includes Slovene,
official in Carinthia, and Hungarian, official in Burgenland)
5.3% (2001 census) |
| Literacy |
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 98%
male: NA
female: NA |
| Constitution |
1920; revised 1929; reinstated 1 May 1945; note - during the
period 1 May 1934-1 May 1945 there was a fascist (corporative)
constitution in place |
| Legal system |
civil law system with Roman law origin; judicial review of legislative
acts by the Constitutional Court; separate administrative and
civil/penal supreme courts; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction |
| Political parties and leaders |
Alliance for the Future of Austria or BZOe [Peter WESTENTHALER];
Austrian People's Party or OeVP [Wilhelm MOLTERER]; Freedom Party
of Austria or FPOe [Heinz Christian STRACHE]; Social Democratic
Party of Austria or SPOe [Werner FAYMANN]; The Greens [Alexander
VAN DER BELLEN] |
| Land use |
arable land: 16.59%
permanent crops: 0.85%
other: 82.56% (2005) |
| |
source cia.gov |
| |
|
| Czech
Republic |
|

|
Czech Republic Constitution |
| Population |
10,220,911 (July 2008 est.) |
| Area |
total: 78,866 sq km
land: 77,276 sq km
water: 1,590 sq km |
| Area - comparative |
slightly smaller than South Carolina |
| Land boundaries |
total: 1,989 km
border countries: Austria 362 km, Germany 815 km, Poland 615 km,
Slovakia 197 km |
| Terrain |
Bohemia in the west consists of rolling plains, hills, and plateaus
surrounded by low mountains; Moravia in the east consists of very
hilly country |
| Elevation extremes |
lowest point: Elbe River 115 m
highest point: Snezka 1,602 m |
| Natural resources |
hard coal, soft coal, kaolin, clay, graphite, timber |
| Land use |
arable land: 38.82%
permanent crops: 3%
other: 58.18% (2005) |
| Total renewable water resources |
16 cu km (2005) |
| Natural hazards |
flooding |
| Environment - current issues |
air and water pollution in areas of northwest Bohemia and in
northern Moravia around Ostrava present health risks; acid rain
damaging forests; efforts to bring industry up to EU code should
improve domestic pollution |
| Climate |
temperate; cool summers; cold, cloudy, humid winters |
| Age structure |
0-14 years: 13.8% (male 723,521/female 684,786)
15-64 years: 71.2% (male 3,653,679/female 3,619,872)
65 years and over: 15.1% (male 604,419/female 934,634) (2008 est.)
|
| Median age |
total: 39.8 years
male: 38.2 years
female: 41.6 years (2008 est.) |
| Birth rate |
8.89 births/1,000 population (2008 est.) |
| Death rate |
10.69 deaths/1,000 population (2008 est.) |
| Sex ratio |
at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.65 male(s)/female
total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2008 est.) |
| Life expectancy |
total population: 76.62 years
male: 73.34 years
female: 80.08 years (2008 est.) |
| Total fertility rate |
1.23 children born/woman (2008 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate |
less than 0.1% (2001 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS |
2,500 (2001 est.) |
| Ethnic groups |
Czech 90.4%, Moravian 3.7%, Slovak 1.9%, other 4% (2001 census)
|
| Religions |
Roman Catholic 26.8%, Protestant 2.1%, other 3.3%, unspecified
8.8%, unaffiliated 59% (2001 census) |
| Languages |
Czech 94.9%, Slovak 2%, other 2.3%, unidentified 0.8% (2001
census) |
| Literacy |
definition: NA
total population: 99%
male: 99%
female: 99% (2003 est.) |
| Government type |
parliamentary democracy |
| Independence |
1 January 1993 (Czechoslovakia split into the Czech Republic
and Slovakia) |
| Constitution |
ratified 16 December 1992, effective 1 January 1993 |
| Executive branch |
chief of state: President Vaclav KLAUS (since 7 March 2003)
head of government: Prime Minister Mirek TOPOLANEK (since 9 January
2007) |
| Judicial branch |
10-year term |
| GDP (purchasing power parity) |
$251 billion (2007 est.) |
| Labor force |
5.36 million (2007 est.) |
| Unemployment rate |
6.6% (2007 est.) |
| Public debt |
26% of GDP (2007 est.) |
| Agriculture - products |
wheat, potatoes, sugar beets, hops, fruit; pigs, poultry |
| Industries |
metallurgy, machinery and equipment, motor vehicles, glass,
armaments |
| Industrial production growth rate |
9.8% (2007 est.) |
| Electricity - production |
77.38 billion kWh (2005) |
| Electricity - consumption |
59.72 billion kWh (2005) |
| Oil - production |
18,030 bbl/day (2005) |
| Oil - consumption |
213,000 bbl/day (2005 est.) |
| Oil - exports |
20,930 bbl/day (2004) |
| Oil - proved reserves |
15 million bbl (1 January 2006 est.) |
| Natural gas - production |
165 million cu m (2005 est.) |
| Natural gas - consumption |
9.076 billion cu m (2005 est.) |
| Natural gas - exports |
81.52 million cu m (2005 est.) |
| Natural gas - imports |
8.976 billion cu m (2005) |
| Natural gas - proved reserves |
3.802 billion cu m (1 January 2006 est.) |
| Exports |
$122.3 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.) |
| Exports - commodities |
machinery and transport equipment 52%, raw materials and fuel
9%, chemicals 5% (2003) |
| Exports - partners |
Germany 30.9%, Slovakia 8.9%, Poland 6%, France 5.4%, UK 5%,
Italy 4.9%, Austria 4.6% (2007) |
| Imports |
$116.6 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.) |
| Imports - commodities |
machinery and transport equipment 46%, raw materials and fuels
15%, chemicals 10% (2003) |
| Imports - partners |
Germany 31.9%, Netherlands 6.8%, Slovakia 6.4%, Poland 6.3%,
China 5.1%, Austria 5%, Russia 4.4%, Italy 4.4%, France 4.1% (2007) |
| Reserves of foreign exchange and gold |
$34.59 billion (31 December 2007 est.) |
| Debt - external |
$74.7 billion (31 December 2007 |
| Exchange rates |
koruny per US dollar - 20.53 (2007), 22.596 (2006), 23.957 (2005),
25.7 (2004), 28.209 (2003) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular |
13.075 million (2007) |
| Radio broadcast stations |
AM 31, FM 304, shortwave 17 (2000) |
| Internet hosts |
1.668 million (2007) |
| Internet code |
.cz |
| Airports - with paved runways |
122 (2007) |
| Railways |
total: 9,597 km
standard gauge: 9,597 km 1.435-m gauge (3,041 km electrified)
(2006) |
| Manpower available for military service |
males age 16-49: 2,522,383
females age 16-49: 2,425,095 (2008 est.) |
| |
source: cia.gov |
| |
|
| Japan |
|
 |
Read the Japanese Consitution here. |
| Population |
127,433,494 (July 2007 est. (cia.gov) |
| Land Area |
377,835 sq km |
| Terrain |
mostly rugged and mountainous |
| Environmental Issues |
air pollution from power plant emissions results in acid rain;
acidification of lakes and reservoirs degrading water quality
and threatening aquatic life; Japan is one of the largest consumers
of fish and tropical timber, contributing to the depletion of
these resources in Asia and elsewhere |
| Life Expectancy |
total population: 82.07 years
male: 78.73 years
female: 85.59 years (2008 est.) |
| Literacy |
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 99%
male: 99%
female: 99% (2002) |
| Government |
constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary government |
| Unemployment |
3.8% (2007 est.) |
| Electricity - production |
1.025 trillion kWh (2005) |
| Natural gas - production |
4.85 billion cu m (2005 est.) |
| Natural gas - imports |
77.6 billion cu m (2005) |
| Exports - commodities |
transport equipment, motor vehicles, semiconductors, electrical
machinery, chemicals |
| Exports - partners |
US 20.4%, China 15.3%, South Korea 7.6%, Taiwan 6.3%, Hong Kong
5.4% (2007) |
| Debt - external |
$1.492 trillion (30 June 2007) |
| Exchange rates |
yen per US dollar - 117.99 (2007), 116.18 (2006), 110.22 (2005),
108.19 (2004), 115.93 (2003) |
| |
Source cia.gov |
|